The Death of a Bachelor
By Arthur Schnitzler

Someone had knocked at the door, quite gently, but the doctor awoke at once,
turned on the light, and sat up in bed. He glanced at his wife who was
sleeping quietly, picked up his dressing-gown, and went into the hall. He did
not at once recognise the old woman who stood there, with the grey shawl over
her head.
“The master is suddenly taken very bad,” she said; “would the doctor be kind
enough to come at once?”
Now he recognised the voice: it was the housekeeper of that old friend of his
who had never married. The doctor’s first thought was, “My friend is fifty-
five years old, his heart has been out of order for years – it might well be
something serious,” and he said, “I’ll come at once – will you wait for me?”
“Excuse me, doctor, but I have to hurry round to two other gentlemen,” and she
mentioned the names of the merchant and the author.
“But what is your business with them?”
“My master wants to see them again.”
“See them again?”
“Yes, sir.”
“He is sending for his friends,” thought the doctor, “because he feels very
near to death,”… and he asked, “Is anyone with your master?”
“Of course,” the old woman answered. “Johann is with him all the time.” And
she departed.
The doctor went back into his bedroom, and while he was dressing quickly and
as noiselessly as possible, a feeling of bitterness came over him. It was not
so much grief at the possibility of losing a good old friend, but the painful
consciousness that they were all so far on in years, though not so long ago
they had been young.
The doctor drove in an open carriage through the soft, heavy air of that
spring night, to the neighbouring suburb where his friend lived. He looked up
at the bedroom window which stood wide open, and whence the pale lamplight
glimmered into the night.
The doctor went up the stairs, the servant opened the door, greeted him
gravely, and dropped his left arm in a gesture of grief.
“What?” asked the doctor, catching his breath. “Am I too late?”
“Yes, sir,” answered the servant, “my master died a quarter of an hour ago.”
The doctor heaved a deep sigh and went into the room. There lay his dead
friend, with thin, bluish, half-open lips, his arms outstretched over the
white coverlet; his meagre beard was in disorder, and a few grey wisps of hair
had strayed over his pale damp foreheard. The silk-shaded electric lamp that
stood on the night table cast a reddish shadow over the pillows. The doctor
looked at the dead man. “When was he last in our house?” he thought to
himself. “I remember it was snowing that evening. It must have been last
winter.” They had not seen much of each other latterly.
From without came the sound of horses’ hoofs pawing the road. The doctor
turned away from the dead man and looked across at the slender branches of the
trees swaying in the night air.
The servant came in and the doctor then enquired how it had all happened.
The servant told a familiar story of a sudden attack of vomiting and
breathlessness. Then his master had leapt out of bed, paced up and down the
room, rushed to his writing-table, tottered back to bed again, where he lay
racked with thirst and groaning and after one last effort to raise himself he
had sunk back upon the pillows. The doctor nodded and laid his hand on the
dead man’s forehead.
A carriage drew up. The doctor went over to the window. He saw the merchant
get out and glance enquiringly up at the house. Unconsciously the doctor let
his hand fall just as the servant had done, who opened the door to him. The
merchant threw back his head as if refusing to believe it, and the doctor
shrugged his shoulders, left the window, and sat down, in sudden weariness, on
a chair at the feet of the dead man. The merchant came in wearing a yellow
overcoat unbuttoned, put his hat on a small table near the door, and shook the
doctor by the hand. “How dreadful!” he said; “how did it happen?” And he
stared dubiously at the dead man.
The doctor told him what he knew, and added: “Even if I had been able to come
at once, I could have done nothing.”
“Fancy,” said the merchant, “it is exactly a week to-day since I last spoke to
him at the theatre. I wanted to have supper with him afterwards, but he had
one of his secret appointments.”
“What, still?” said the doctor, with a gloomy smile.
Outside another carriage stopped. The merchant went to the window. When he saw
the author getting out, he drew back, not wanting to announce the sad news by
his expression. The doctor had taken a cigarette out of his case and was
twisting it about in an embarrassed sort of way. “It’s a habit I’ve had since
my hospital days,” he remarked apologetically. “When I left a sick-room at
night, the first thing I always did was to light a cigarette, whether I had
been to give an injection of morphia or to certify a death.”
“Do you know,” said the merchant, “how long it is since I saw a corpse?
Fourteen years not since my father lay in his coffin.
“But-your wife?”
“I saw my wife in her last moments, but – not afterwards.” The author
appeared, shook hands with the other two, and glanced doubtfully at the bed.
Then he walked resolutely up to it and looked earnestly at the dead man, yet
not without a contemptuous twitch of the lips. “So it was he,” he said to
himself. For he had played with the question which of his more intimate
friends was to be the first to take the last journey. The housekeeper came in.
With tears in her eyes she sank down by the had sobbed, and wrung her hands.
The author laid his hand gently and soothingly on her shoulder.
The merchant and the doctor stood at the window, and the dank air of the
spring night played upon their foreheads.
“It is really very odd,” began the merchant, “that he has sent for all of us.
Did he want to see us all gathered round his death-bed? Had he something
important to say to us?”
“As far as I’m concerned,” said the doctor, with a sad smile, “it would not be
odd, as I am a doctor. And you,” he said, turning to the merchant, “you were
at times his business adviser. So perhaps it was a matter of some last
instructions that he wanted to give you personally.”
“That is possible,” said the merchant.
The housekeeper had left the room, and the friends could hear her talking to
the other servant in the hall. The author was still standing by the bed
carrying on a silent dialogue with the dead man.
“I think,” whispered the merchant to the doctor, “that latterly he saw more of
our friend. Perhaps he can throw some light on the question.”
The author stood motionless, gazing steadily into the closed eyes of the dead
man. His hands, which held his broad-brimmed grey hat, were crossed behind his
back. The two others began to grow impatient, and the merchant went up to him
and cleared his throat.
“Three days ago,” observed the author, “I went for a two hours’ walk with him
among the hills and vineyards. Would you like to know what he talked about? A
trip to Sweden, that he had planned for the summer, a new Rembrandt portfolio
just published by Watson’s in London, and last of all about Santos Dumont. He
went into all sorts of mathematical and scientific details about a dirigible
airship, which, to be frank with you, I did not entirely grasp. He certainly
was not thinking about death. It must indeed be true that at a certain age
people again stop thinking about it.”
The doctor had gone into the adjoining room. Here he might certainly venture
to light his cigarette. The sight of white ashes in the bronze tray on the
writing-table struck him as strange and almost uncanny. He wondered why he was
still there at all, as he sat down on the chair by the writing-table. He had
the right to go as soon as he liked, since he had obviously been sent for as a
doctor. For their friendship had nearly come to an end. “At my time of life,”
he went on, pursuing his reflection, “it is quite impossible for a man like me
to keep friends with someone who has no profession and never has had one. What
would he have taken up if he had not been rich? He would probably have turned
to literature: he was very clever.” And he remembered many malicious but
pointed remarks the dead man had made, more especially about the works of
their common friend, the author.
The author and the merchant came in. The author assumed an expression of
disapproval when he saw the doctor sitting at the deserted writing-table with
a cigarette in his hand, which was, however, still unlit, and he closed the
door behind him. Here, however, they were to some extent in another world.
“Have you any sort of idea?…” asked the merchant.
“About what?” asked the author absent-mindedly.
“What made him send for us, and just us?”
The author thought it unnecessary to look for any special reason. “Our
friend,” he explained, “felt death was upon him, and if he had lived a rather
solitary life, at least latterly, at such an hour people who are by nature
socially inclined probably feel the need of seeing their friends about them.”
“He had a mistress, though,” remarked the merchant. “Oh, a mistress,” repeated
the author, and contemptuously raised his eyebrows.
At this moment the doctor noticed that the middle drawer of the writing-table
was half open.
“I wonder if his will is here?” he said.
“That’s no concern of ours,” observed the merchant, “at least at this moment.
And in any case there is a married sister living in London.”
The servant came in. He respectfully asked what arrangements he should make
about having the body laid out, the funeral, and the mourning cards. He knew
that a will was in the possession of his master’s lawyer, but he was doubtful
whether it contained instructions in these matters. The author found the room
stuffy and close, he drew aside the heavy red curtains over one of the windows
and threw open both casements, and a great waft of the dark blue spring night
poured into the room. The doctor asked the servant whether he had any idea why
the dead man had sent for him, because, if he remembered rightly, it was years
since he had been summoned to that house in his capacity as doctor. The
servant, who obviously expected the question, pulled a swollen-looking wallet
from his jacket-pocket, took out a sheet of paper, and explained that seven
years ago his master had written down the names of the friends whom he wanted
sent for when he was dying. So that, even if the dead man had been unconscious
at the time, he would have ventured to send for the gentlemen on his own
responsibility.
The doctor took the sheet of paper from the servant’s’ hand and found five
names written on it: in addition to those present was the name of a friend who
had died two years ago, and another that he did not know. The servant
explained that the latter was a manufacturer whose house the dead man used to
visit nine or ten years ago, and whose address had been lost and forgotten.
The three looked at each other with uneasy curiosity. “What does that mean?”
asked the merchant. “Did he intend to make a speech in his last hours?”
“A funeral oration on himself, no doubt,” added the author.
The doctor had turned his eyes on the open drawer of the writing-table, and
suddenly these words, in large Roman letters, stared at him from the cover of
an envelope: “To my friends.” “Hullo!” he cried, took the envelope, held it
up, and showed it to the others. “This is for us.” He turned to the servant
and, with a movement of the head, indicated that he was not wanted. The
servant went.
“For us?” said the author, with wide-open eyes.
“There can be no doubt,” said the doctor, “that we are justified in opening
this.”
“It’s our duty,” said the merchant, and buttoned up his overcoat.
The doctor had taken a paper-knife from a glass tray, opened the envelope,
laid the letter down, and put on his eyeglasses. The author took advantage of
the brief interval to pick up the letter and unfold it. “As it is for all of
us,” he remarked casually, and bent over the writing-table so that the light
from the shaded lamp should fall on the paper. Near him stood the merchant.
The author remained seated.
“You might read it aloud,” said the merchant, and the author began.
” ‘To my friends,’ ” – he stopped with a smile – “yes, it’s written here
also,” and he went on reading in a tone of admirable detachment. “About a
quarter of an hour ago I breathed my last. You are assembled at my death-bed,
and you are preparing to read this letter together – if it still exists in the
hour of my death, I ought to add. For it might so happen that I should come to
a better frame of mind “What?” asked the doctor. ” ‘A better frame of mind,’ ”
repeated the author, and continued: “and decide to destroy this letter, for it
can do not the slightest good to me, and, at the very least, may cause you
some unpleasant hours, even if it does not absolutely poison the life of one
or other of you.”
“Poison our lives?” repeated the doctor, in a wondering tone, as he polished
his eyeglasses.
“Quicker,” said the merchant in a husky voice.
The author continued. ” ‘And I ask myself what kind of evil humour it is that
sends me to the writing-table to-day and induces me to write down words whose
effect I shall never be able to read upon your faces. And even if I could the
pleasure I should get would be too trifling to serve as an excuse for the
incredible act I am now about to commit with feelings of the heartiest
satisfaction.’ “
“Ha!” cried the doctor in a voice he did not recognise as his own. The author
threw a glance of irritation at him, and read on, quicker and with less
expression than before. ” ‘Yes, it is an evil humour, and nothing else, for I
have really nothing whatever against any of you. I like you all very well in
my own way, just as you like me in your way. I never despised you, and if I
often laughed at you, I never mocked you. No, not once and least of all in
those hours of which you are so soon to call to mind such vivid and such
painful images. Why, then, this evil humour? Perhaps it arose from a deep and
not essentially ignoble desire not to leave the world with so many lies upon
my soul. I might imagine so, if I had even once had the slightest notion of
what men call remorse.’ “
“Oh, get on to the end of it,” said the doctor in a new and abrupt tone.
The merchant, without more ado, took the letter from the author, who felt a
sort of paralysis creeping over his fingers, glanced down it quickly and read
the words: ” ‘It was fate, my dear friends, and I could not alter it. I have
had the wives of all of you: yes, every one.’ “
The merchant stopped suddenly and turned back to the first sheet.
“The letter was written nine years ago,” said the merchant.
“Go on,” said the author sharply.
And the merchant proceeded.
” ‘Of course the circumstances were different in each case. With one of them I
lived almost as though we had been married, for many months. The second was
more or less what the world is accustomed to call a mad adventure. With the
third, the affair went so far that I wanted us to kill ourselves together. The
fourth I threw downstairs because she betrayed me with another. And the last
was my mistress on one occasion only. Do you all breathe again – my good
friends? You should not. It was perhaps the loveliest hour of my life… and
hers. Well, my friends, I have nothing more to tell you. Now I am going to
fold up this letter, put it away in my writing-desk – and there may it lie
until my humour changes and I destroy it, or until it is given into your hands
in that hour when I lie upon my death-bed. Farewell.’ “
The doctor took the letter from the merchant’s hands and read it with apparent
care from the beginning to the end. Then he looked up at the merchant who
stood by with folded arms and gazed down at him with something like derision.
“Although your wife died last year,” said the doctor calmly, “it is none the
less true.” “
The author paced up and down the room, jerked his head convulsively from side
to side a few times, and suddenly hissed out through his clenched teeth, “the
swine,” and then stared in front of him as though looking for something that
had dissolved into air. He was trying to recall the image of the youthful
creature that he had once held in his arms as wife. Other women’s faces
appeared, often recalled but long since, he had thought, forgotten, but he
could not bring before his mind the one he wanted. For his wife’s body was
withered and held no attraction for him, and it was so long since she had been
his beloved. But she had become something other than that to him, something
more and something nobler: a friend and a comrade; full of pride at his
successes, full of sympathy with his disappointments, full of insight into his
deepest nature. It seemed to him not impossible that the dead man had, in his
wickedness, secretly envied him his comrade and tried to take her away. For
all those others – what had they really meant to him? He called to mind
certain adventures, some of old days and some more recent; there had been
enough and to spare of them in his varied literary life, and his wife had
smiled or wept over them as they went their course. Where was all this now? As
faded as that far-off hour when his wife had flung herself into the arms of a
man of no account, without reflection, perhaps without thought: almost as
extinct as the recollection of that same hour in the dead skull that lay
within on that pitifully crumpled pillow. But perhaps this last will and
testament was a bundle of lies – the last revenge of a poor commonplace fellow
who knew himself condemned to eternal oblivion, upon a distinguished man over
whose works death has been given no power. This was not at all improbable. But
even if it were true – it was a petty revenge and unsuccessful in either case.
The doctor stared at the sheet of paper that lay before him, and thought of
his gentle, ever kindly wife, now growing old, who lay asleep at home. He
thought also of his three children: of his eldest who was now doing his one
year’s military service, of his tall daughter, who was engaged to a lawyer,
and of the youngest, who was so graceful and charming that a famous artist,
who had lately met her at a ball, had asked if he might paint her. He thought
of his comfortable home, and all this that surged up at him from the dead
man’s letter seemed to him not so much untrue as, in some mysterious way,
almost sublimely insignificant. He scarcely felt that at this moment he had
experienced anything new. A strange epoch in his existence came into his mind,
fourteen or fifteen years before, when he had met with certain troubles over
his profession, and, worn out and nearly crazy, had planned to leave the city,
his wife and family. At the same time he had entered upon a kind of wild,
reckless existence, in which a strange hysterical woman had played a part, who
had subsequently committed suicide over another lover. How his life had
gradually returned to its original course he could not now remember in the
least. But it must have been in those bad times, which had passed away as they
had come, like an illness, that his wife had betrayed him. Yes, it must so
have happened, and it was clear to him that he had really always known it. Was
she not once on the point of confessing it? Had she not given him hints?
Thirteen or fourteen years ago… When could it have been. .? Wasn’t it one
summer on a holiday trip – late in the evening on the terrace of some hotel?
In vain he tried to recall those vanished words.
The merchant stood at the window and stared into the soft pale night. He was
determined he would remember his dead wife. But however much he searched his
inmost consciousness, at first he could only see himself in the light of a
grey morning, standing in black clothes outside a curtained doorway, receiving
and returning sympathetic handshakes, with a stale reek of carbolic and
flowers in his nostrils. Slowly he succeeded in recalling to his mind the
image of his dead wife. And yet at first it was but the image of an image for
he could only see the large portrait in a gilt frame that hung over the piano
in the drawing-room at home and displayed a haughty- looking lady of thirty in
a ball dress. Then at last she herself appeared as a young girl, who, nearly
twenty years before, pale and trembling, had accepted his proposal of
marriage. Then there arose before him the appearance of a woman in all her
splendour, enthroned beside him in a theatre-box, gazing at the stage, but
inwardly far away. Then he remembered a passionate creature who welcomed him
with unexpected warmth on his return from a long journey. Swiftly again his
thoughts turned to a nervous tearful being, with greenish heavy eyes, who had
poisoned his days with all manner of evil humours. Next he saw an alarmed,
affectionate mother, in a light morning frock, watching by the bedside of a
sick child ,who, none the less, died. Last of all, he saw a pale, outstretched
creature in a room reeking of ether, her mouth so pitifully drawn down at the
corners, and cold beads of sweat on her forehead, who had shaken his very soul
with pity. He knew that all these pictures, and a hundred others, that flashed
past his mind’s eye with incredible speed, were of one and the same being who
had been lowered into the grave two years ago, over whom he had wept, and
after whose death he had felt freed from bondage. It seemed to him he must
choose one out of all these pictures to reach some definite reaction; for at
present he was tossed by shame and anger, groping in the void. He stood there
irresolute, and gazed across at the houses in their gardens, shimmering
faintly red and yellow in the moonlight and looking like pale painted walls
with only air behind them.
“Good-night,” said the doctor and got up.
The merchant turned towards him and said: “There’s nothing more for me to do
here either.”
The author had picked up the letter, stuffed it unobtrusively into his coat
pocket, and opened the door into the adjoining room. Slowly he walked up to
the death-bed, and the others watched him looking down silently at the corpse,
his hands behind his back. Then they turned away.
In the hall the merchant said to the servant: “As regards the funeral, it is
possible that the will in possession of the lawyers may contain some further
instructions.”
“And don’t forget,” pursued the doctor, “to telegraph to your master’s sister
in London.”
“To be sure, sir,” replied the servant, as he opened the front door.
The author overtook them on the doorstep. “I can take you both with me,” said
the doctor, whose carriage was waiting. “Thank you, no,” said the merchant. “I
shall walk.’
He shook hands with both of them and walked down the road towards the city,
glad to feel the soft night air upon his face.
The author got into the carriage with the doctor. The birds were beginning to
sing in the garden. The carriage drove past the merchant, and the three men
raised their hats, ironically polite, each with an identical expression on his
face. “Shall we soon see another play of yours?” the doctor asked the author
in his usual voice.
The latter launched into an account of the extraordinary difficulties involved
in the production of his latest drama which, he had to confess, contained the
most sweeping attacks on everything generally held to be sacred. The doctor
nodded and did not listen. Nor did the author, for the familiar sentences fell
from his lips as though he had learned them by heart. Both men got out at the
doctor’s house, and the carriage drove away.
The doctor rang. They both stood and said nothing. As the footsteps of the
porter approached, the author said, “Good- night, my dear doctor”; and he
added slowly, with a twitch of his nostrils, “I shan’t mention this to my
wife, you know.”
The doctor threw a sidelong glance at him and smiled his charming smile.
The door opened, they shook each other by the hand, the doctor disappeared
into the passage, and the door slammed. The author went.
He felt in his breast pocket. Yes, the letter was there. His wife would find
it sealed and secure among his: papers. And with that strange power of
imagination that was peculiarly his own, he could already hear her whispering
over his grave, “Oh, how splendid of you… how noble!”